“Islamic centers” are among the most important symbols of the presence of Muslims in non-Muslim countries and hold significant identity value. They also act as cultural representatives of the Muslim community in the eyes of the host society. Therefore, their design is particularly important. This research aims to identify principles for designing Islamic centers that help preserve and strengthen Islamic cultural identity while improving coexistence with host communities.
By reviewing previous studies, the research identified “identity” and “coexistence” as its main concepts. These were examined in relation to Islamic center architecture using a place-based model structured around the three axes of “meaning,” “physical form,” and “activity.” The study focuses on these issues from the perspective of Muslim users; therefore, a questionnaire was used to gain a comprehensive and accurate understanding. Since the researchers intend to design an Islamic center in England, the questionnaire—containing both closed and open questions—was distributed among Muslims living in England to identify their needs, views, and visual preferences. The results were derived through comparative analysis of the questionnaire findings, library studies, and previous research.
The research outcome is presented as a strategic model across the three axes of meaning, physical form, and activity, offering design principles that support both coexistence with the host society and the preservation of Islamic identity. The findings show that incorporating symbols of Islamic values strengthens identity expression, reduces feelings of deprivation, and increases acceptance among Muslim minorities, contributing to reduced cultural tensions and a greater sense of belonging. Using shared visual elements and common values also reduces sensitivities within the host society and improves communication. A convergent approach allows Islamic centers to function as both religious centers for Muslims and cultural centers for the wider society, enhancing the image of Islamic culture. Consequently, identity and coexistence are interconnected, and both must be addressed in the design of Islamic centers.
