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Esmaeil Shieh, Hooman Ghahremani, Golasa Gholami,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (3-2014)
Abstract

This article, in order to improve the quality of urban spaces, wants to explain how ritual ceremonies, particularly Moharam and Safar mourning as an identity and cultural factor, interact with physical structure of urban space. The discussed problem, in this article, is to describe the nature of this Interaction in the past times and comprise it with the urban development plans. In this regard, the research questions include the items such as relationship between ritual ceremonies and urban structure and urban space, influenced factors on selection of an urban space for doing this ceremony and importance of this factors and considering them in new development plans. The aim of the research is the retraining from the interaction between ritual ceremonies and urban structure for using in the new urban development plans. In this article, research framework is based on the descriptive method and used from case study and spatial analysis. The significant part of historic urban of Mashhad has been studied, in connection with research subject and during Moharam and Safar mourning, by using of documents, observations, interview and completion of questionnaire. The conclusion is based on data analysis and descriptive statistics. Studies shows that passing path of mourning groups, over the different years, was constantly conformed to the paths which are part of the main structure of this area and position of elements including structural, culture – religion and historical ones are important as factors which are making direction and being effective on passing path of mourning groups. The accordance of these factors with the approved urban plans of this area shows to give low attention to them. According to the comparison of the most crowded passing path of mourners with suggested items of new detailed plan of the area can understand that these old cultural – ritual paths is ignored in new plan and sometimes, their traces is completely eliminated, and if not ignored, their use is changed in the way that cannot be defined as a ritual path. Concepts which were considered as part of social geometry of religious context and placed within the physical geometry for years, because of traffic and physical attitudes lose their important. For providing of city development plans of historic urban quarters, giving attention to the research conclusion can cause to form more suitable urban spaces for development and improvement of ritual ceremonies.
Ms. Farnoosh Ghaffari, Dr. Hafezeh Poordehghan, Dr. Esmaeil Shieh, Dr. Seyyed Hosein Nasr, Dr. Mehdi Khakzand,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2025)
Abstract

The concept of sanctity extends beyond the sacred elements that are formally recognized. Many sacred spaces are not solely used for worship, thus there is a need to understand the diversity of sacred spaces, including in terms of how they are used. From the perspective of many religions and traditional practices, including Islam, there is no inherent difference in the environment between the sacred and the non-sacred; thus, the home can be conceptualized as a space that functions like a sacred space. Moreover, the shared focus of sacred space and spiritual space on the transcendent has led to these terms sometimes being used interchangeably or in place of one another in literary concepts. However, sacred space and spiritual space involve distinct concepts, which necessitates an examination of the semantic positioning of each term and the relationship between them when understanding the concept of sanctity in the home. This article addresses two key issues to clarify the concept of "sacred space" in Muslim homes. First, although from an Islamic perspective sacred space is a concept not limited to religious places, what differences might exist between the concept of sacred space in religious sacred places and the concept of sacred space in the home? Second, although "sacred space" and "spiritual space" are complementary terms, they have distinct meanings. Thus, the question arises: what is the conceptual relationship between sacred space and spiritual space in Muslim homes? This article adopts a qualitative approach based on an interpretive-historical method. The data, based on documentation, interpretive discussions, examples, and note-taking, were collected and analyzed using inductive reasoning. Evidence related to the topic is examined, and after interpretation, the results are reasoned, ultimately leading to specific conclusions. The results of this article demonstrate that sacred space in the home and religious sacred places follow different concepts and rules, some of which are visible in the differences between "fixed and conditional sacred space," "the relationship between sacred space and behavior," and "the relationship between sacred space and spiritual space." Additionally, sacred space and spiritual space in the home have a causal relationship, in which spiritual space serves as the prerequisite for sacred space, and sacred space is the outcome of behavior that manifests through individual inner spirituality.


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