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The combined birth of "part and whole" from within each other in the process of architectural design using the philosophical theory of " basit al-haqiqa" of Sadraei
Mr Abouzar Izadpour, Dr Mahdi Hamzenejad, Dr Tahereh Nasr, Dr Mohamad Ali Akhgar,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
In the last three decades, many studies have been done in the design process. In some of these studies, there is a psychological or philosophical view. In Iran, there are few examples of a philosophical approach to the design process. One of the important attitudes in global and Iranian attitudes, which also has a strong philosophical root in Western thought; The attitude is Dualism. This research tries to clarify the influence of Mulla Sadra's philosophy in the design process. This research has a practical purpose. This research wants to provide designers with results compatible with philosophical foundations. Argumentative-analytical research method is based on philosophical rules. This research first has an overview of architectural design processes. The components obtained from these processes are these doubles: "implicit knowledge-scientific knowledge"; "Unconsciousness - self-awareness"; "divergence-convergence"; "Black box-transparent box" and "normative-proof theories". Each of these duals has an important role in the formation of the design process. These doubles are formed under the philosophical theories of structuralism or deconstruction and with the older roots of Hegelian dialectics; Sometimes psychological views such as "conscious" and "unconscious" play a role in them. The current research defines all doubles with two components: "simultaneous birth of part and whole from within each other"; This definition is obtained from Mulla Sadra's Basit al-Haqiqa rule. The result of the research is: the part-whole duality is the product of the experiences of the first to third generation of the design process. Each part of this dual is used in different parts of the design; So both parts can be used in the design process. Based on this, each architectural component in each part of the design stages can be examined from two different aspects and can be effective on architectural design processes: 1- It looks at itself from the aspect that is a part and is in plurality; 2- From that aspect which is the whole, it looks beyond itself (to its simple self) and is in unity. The innovation of this research is the navigation of the definition of "whole from part" and "part from whole" which probably creates necessary and valuable paths for the design process. It can be a comprehensive look between three generations of architectural design process and define the fourth generation.

Architectural Design Process Based on Transcendent wisdom, Investigating the effect of Mulla Sadra’s Basit al-Haqiqa rule on architectural design process
Mr Abouzar Izadpour, Dr Mahdi Hamzenejad, Dr Tahereh Nasr, Dr Mohamad Ali Akhgar,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
The existential simplicity of architecture can establish harmony between the field of the human living environment (architecture), the field of the human inner self and soul, and the field of existence and reality (ontological field). This concept is more important in the context of transcendental wisdom, especially under the rule of “Simple al-Haqiqah.” Using a combination of library documents, logical reasoning methodology, and qualitative content analysis, the author initially reviews the existing literature. Subsequently, by examining the foundations of transcendental wisdom, the author takes a step towards Sadra’s epistemology. The goal is to match the obtained components with the corresponding components in architectural design process models and to explain how these foundations from transcendental wisdom affect the design processes.
The result demonstrates that the simplicity of the soul, about its internal powers, is encompassed by the simplicity of the necessary being about the entire system of existence. Since architecture is a function of the powers of the soul, including the power of imagination, the simplicity of the self is thus elevated. This crucial concept is framed within Mulla Sadra’s “basit al-haqiqa” rule, the most fundamental principle in the realm of ontology and epistemology that embraces plurality with the appearance of unity in multitudes. Consequently, this principle influences Sadra’s design process.

Semantic Analysis of Sacred Space and Spiritual Space in the Muslim Home from the Perspective of Islam
Ms. Farnoosh Ghaffari, Dr. Hafezeh Poordehghan, Dr. Esmaeil Shieh, Dr. Seyyed Hosein Nasr, Dr. Mehdi Khakzand,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2025)
Abstract
The concept of sanctity extends beyond the sacred elements that are formally recognized. Many sacred spaces are not solely used for worship, thus there is a need to understand the diversity of sacred spaces, including in terms of how they are used. From the perspective of many religions and traditional practices, including Islam, there is no inherent difference in the environment between the sacred and the non-sacred; thus, the home can be conceptualized as a space that functions like a sacred space. Moreover, the shared focus of sacred space and spiritual space on the transcendent has led to these terms sometimes being used interchangeably or in place of one another in literary concepts. However, sacred space and spiritual space involve distinct concepts, which necessitates an examination of the semantic positioning of each term and the relationship between them when understanding the concept of sanctity in the home. This article addresses two key issues to clarify the concept of "sacred space" in Muslim homes. First, although from an Islamic perspective sacred space is a concept not limited to religious places, what differences might exist between the concept of sacred space in religious sacred places and the concept of sacred space in the home? Second, although "sacred space" and "spiritual space" are complementary terms, they have distinct meanings. Thus, the question arises: what is the conceptual relationship between sacred space and spiritual space in Muslim homes? This article adopts a qualitative approach based on an interpretive-historical method. The data, based on documentation, interpretive discussions, examples, and note-taking, were collected and analyzed using inductive reasoning. Evidence related to the topic is examined, and after interpretation, the results are reasoned, ultimately leading to specific conclusions. The results of this article demonstrate that sacred space in the home and religious sacred places follow different concepts and rules, some of which are visible in the differences between "fixed and conditional sacred space," "the relationship between sacred space and behavior," and "the relationship between sacred space and spiritual space." Additionally, sacred space and spiritual space in the home have a causal relationship, in which spiritual space serves as the prerequisite for sacred space, and sacred space is the outcome of behavior that manifests through individual inner spirituality.

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