Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2025)
JRIA 2025, 13(1): 0-0 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Jahanbakhsh A, Shokouhibidhandi M. (2025). The productive house: a foundation for a balanced spatial planning. JRIA. 13(1), doi:10.61186/jria.13.1.4
URL: http://jria.iust.ac.ir/article-1-1751-en.html
URL: http://jria.iust.ac.ir/article-1-1751-en.html
1- Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2- School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2- School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (478 Views)
Spatial plans try to propose a suitable and balanced distribution of population and activities such as industries and agriculture. Some of these plans in Iran specify this appropriate distribution through the creation of new cities (mostly residential) and industrial towns and delimitation of agricultural land. Urban plans (such as comprehensive and detailed plans) also try to prevent residential areas from interfering with other areas, especially agricultural lands, through the definition of boundary lines. However, this article tries to show that this separation (zoning) of uses is not the only possible and desirable approach. The proposal of the current research is to combine the uses at the scale of the house and the neighborhood. It has been mentioned before about the mixing of uses in the sense of establishing different uses in neighboring parts beside each other. But in this article, the combination of uses is defended, which means the simultaneous activity of residence, agriculture and industry in a piece of land. In other words, this article shows that if residential use is combined with workshop and agricultural spaces, it can create a more appropriate model in terms of economy and culture. The research method in the study was comparative and based on balancing with the Best Practice method.
For this purpose, examples of successful global experiences of integrating housing and agriculture as well as the integration of residence and industry will be reviewed, and while examining lessons for Iran, some presuppositions governing urban and regional policymaking in the current situation will be criticized.
The examples presented in this article offer an alternative idea to the common land use planning. In the common model with the slogan of economy of scale, industrial and agricultural uses are located in the form of centralized complexes, which has led to the separation of nature from the built environment, and with the large scale of lands and industries, the possibility of independent business and self-employment. It deprives the members of the society. In contrast, the proposal of the present research is that per capita employment and agriculture can be allocated to families in many cases and added to the area of the residential unit, so that firstly, people work alongside their families, and secondly, instead of working for others and being hired people, to be able to start a business independently. This proposal is proposed because some policy makers believe that there is a lack of land for the expansion of residential units. Even if such an assumption is true and there really is a lack of land, it is suggested that the land that is supposed to be considered for the creation and development of the industrial town should be combined with the residence in many industries that are compatible with the neighborhood.
Based on this, it is better if possible to hand over land to families instead of giving it to influential factory owners and big capitalists. The duty of the Islamic government is also in the same direction and the government is obliged to provide the necessary arrangements such as support for the knowledge system (against patents and commercialization of knowledge), preparing platforms for the appropriate distribution system, etc. in a way that according to Article 43 of the Constitution and work facilities for everyone in order to achieve full employment and provide work tools to all those who are able to work but do not have work tools" and "not to the concentration and circulation of wealth in the hands of certain individuals and groups, and not make the government an absolute big employer" to finally "prevent" by negating the dominance of capital owners from taking advantage of another's work" to be realized.
The proposed model in the current study includes productive housing units that are placed next to each other in the form of neighborhoods and form new bio-cities. In these units, technology and intelligence are used in the service of production and facilitating it, and family members can supply advanced industrial products that can compete with concentrated industries, and in addition, as a side activity and in their free time, they can produce agricultural and garden products. get busy. The distribution system is also defined in such a way that producers can directly offer their products in a market (daily or weekly) without intermediaries and without imposing space rent.
The findings show that presuppositions such as damage to food security in the case of combining housing and agriculture, economies of scale due to the creation of farms and large industries, the need to create a clear distinction between the lands within the urban limits and the surrounding lands (in terms of density, use and floors) are not absolute and universal. On the other hand, creating a productive house, which means a space that provides the possibility of residence and small and family businesses together, can increase social justice and prevent the monopoly of territorial facilities by companies with capital, reduce poverty, increase production, develop small cities and villages and ultimately balance in the spatial planning.
For this purpose, examples of successful global experiences of integrating housing and agriculture as well as the integration of residence and industry will be reviewed, and while examining lessons for Iran, some presuppositions governing urban and regional policymaking in the current situation will be criticized.
The examples presented in this article offer an alternative idea to the common land use planning. In the common model with the slogan of economy of scale, industrial and agricultural uses are located in the form of centralized complexes, which has led to the separation of nature from the built environment, and with the large scale of lands and industries, the possibility of independent business and self-employment. It deprives the members of the society. In contrast, the proposal of the present research is that per capita employment and agriculture can be allocated to families in many cases and added to the area of the residential unit, so that firstly, people work alongside their families, and secondly, instead of working for others and being hired people, to be able to start a business independently. This proposal is proposed because some policy makers believe that there is a lack of land for the expansion of residential units. Even if such an assumption is true and there really is a lack of land, it is suggested that the land that is supposed to be considered for the creation and development of the industrial town should be combined with the residence in many industries that are compatible with the neighborhood.
Based on this, it is better if possible to hand over land to families instead of giving it to influential factory owners and big capitalists. The duty of the Islamic government is also in the same direction and the government is obliged to provide the necessary arrangements such as support for the knowledge system (against patents and commercialization of knowledge), preparing platforms for the appropriate distribution system, etc. in a way that according to Article 43 of the Constitution and work facilities for everyone in order to achieve full employment and provide work tools to all those who are able to work but do not have work tools" and "not to the concentration and circulation of wealth in the hands of certain individuals and groups, and not make the government an absolute big employer" to finally "prevent" by negating the dominance of capital owners from taking advantage of another's work" to be realized.
The proposed model in the current study includes productive housing units that are placed next to each other in the form of neighborhoods and form new bio-cities. In these units, technology and intelligence are used in the service of production and facilitating it, and family members can supply advanced industrial products that can compete with concentrated industries, and in addition, as a side activity and in their free time, they can produce agricultural and garden products. get busy. The distribution system is also defined in such a way that producers can directly offer their products in a market (daily or weekly) without intermediaries and without imposing space rent.
The findings show that presuppositions such as damage to food security in the case of combining housing and agriculture, economies of scale due to the creation of farms and large industries, the need to create a clear distinction between the lands within the urban limits and the surrounding lands (in terms of density, use and floors) are not absolute and universal. On the other hand, creating a productive house, which means a space that provides the possibility of residence and small and family businesses together, can increase social justice and prevent the monopoly of territorial facilities by companies with capital, reduce poverty, increase production, develop small cities and villages and ultimately balance in the spatial planning.
Keywords: productive house, spatial planning, spatial justice, housing and employment convergence, ZISTSHAHR
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Definition and analysis of the latest theoretical and practical accomplishment in Islamic architecture and urbanism
Received: 2024/04/27 | Accepted: 2024/09/8 | Published: 2025/04/16
Received: 2024/04/27 | Accepted: 2024/09/8 | Published: 2025/04/16
References
1. پدرام، بهنام؛ حریری، آزاده. 1395. خانههای تاریخی با نقشی فراتر از مسکن در بافت تاریخی اصفهان. مجله پژوهشهای معماری اسلامی. دوره 4. شماره 2. صص 74-89.
2. جوادی آملی، عبدالله. 1389. توسعه کوثری. مجله همشهری ویژه نامه الگوی اسلامی - ایرانی پیشرفت.
3. جوادی آملی، عبدالله. 1392. توسعهی ممدوح؛ توسعهی مذموم. مجلهی علوم انسانی اسلامی، الگوی اسلامی ایرانی پیشرفت، تهران، شماره 10.
4. جهانبخش، عباس؛ شکوهی بیدهندی، محمد صالح .1401. الگوی «زیستشهر»های نوین مولد، پیشران حرکت به سوی شهرسازی اسلامی. مجله پژوهشهای معماری اسلامی. جلد ۱۰ شماره ۲. صفحات ۱۴۵-۱۲۴.
5. علیزاده، محسن؛ انوری، فریده؛ شیرخدایی، میثم؛ ولیپور خطیر، محمد .1398. شناسایی عوامل موفقیت شرکت اینترنتی علیبابا. پژوهشهای مدیریت منابع سازمانی زمستان 1398، دوره نهم - شماره 4. ص 23 تا 42.
6. شخصی میبدی، میثم .1402. آشنایی با تائوبائو پلتفرم خرید آنلاین و خرده فروشی در چین. قم: اندیشکده مطالعات راهبردی زیست شهر اسلامی. نشر داخلی.
7. شکوهی بیدهندی، محمدصالح؛ عزیزیان غروی، محسن .1400. از چغاگلان تا والاستریت: تاریخ شهر و شهرنشینی جهان. تهران: انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی تهران.
8. صدر (شهید)، سید محمد باقر .1393. اسلام، راهبر زندگی؛ مکتب اسلام؛ رسالت ما. قم: دارالصدر.
9. کاویان، مجتبی؛ غلامی، غلامحسین. 1396. کارخانه یا کار و خانه؛ بررسی مفهوم کار و تولید در شکلگیری خانههای تاریخی ایرانی در بشرویه. نشریه معماری اقلیم گرم و خشک. سال پنجم. شماره پنجم. صص 101-118.
10. مرکز آمار ایران. 1397. نتایج طرح آمارگیری زراعت کشور.
11. مرکز آمار ایران. 1396. نتایج طرح آمارگیری باغداریهای کشور.
12. معاونی، الهام؛ رحمانی، هیوا. 1398. تاثیر امنیت و فضای جنسیتی بر افزایش حضور بانوان در فضای شهری (نمونه موردی: پارک بانوان شیراز). معماری شناسی خرداد- شماره 9 صص:49 تا 58.
13. میرزا، مژگان؛ ترکمانی، حسین؛ قبادی سپیده و پارسافر، میترا. 1394. مقایسه میزان افسردگی و نوع معماری ساختمان، نمونه موردی منازل آپارتمانی، ویلایی. استانبول: دومین کنفرانس بینالمللی پژوهش در علوم و تکنولوژی.
14. Alizadeh, Mohsen; Anvari, Farideh; Shirkhodai, Meysam; Valipour Khatir, Mohammad 2018. Identifying the success factors of the Alibaba Internet company. Organizational resource management research, winter 2018, ninth period - number 4. pp. 23 to 42.
15. Fishman, Aryei. 2002. Judaism and Collective Life, Self and community in the religious kibbutz. New York: Routledge.
16. Gavron, Daniel. 2000. The kibbutz: awakening from Utopia. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
17. Gleeson, Brendan; Nicholas Low; Ingemar Elander; Rolf Lidskog. (2000). Consuming Cities, The Urban Environment in the Global Economy after Rio. New York: Routledge.
18. Jahanbakhsh, Abbas; ShokohiBidhandi, MohammadSaleh. 2022. The pattern of productive "Zistshahr" (Livable City), a drive toward Islamic urban Planning. Journal of Islamic Architecture Research. Volume 10, Number 2. Pages 124-145. [DOI:10.52547/jria.10.2.8]
19. Javadi Amoli, Abdullah. 2012. Praised Development; Reprehensible development. Journal of Islamic Humanities, Iranian Islamic Model of Progress, Tehran, No. 10.
20. Javadi Amoli, Abdullah. 2019. Kawthari Development. Hamshahri magazine, special issue of the Islamic-Iranian pattern of progress.
21. Kavian, Mojtaba; Gholami, Gholamhossein. 2016. Factory or work and home; Investigating the concept of work and production in the formation of historical Iranian houses in Boshrouyeh. Journal of hot and dry climate architecture. fifth year Number five. pp. 101-118. [DOI:10.29252/smb.5.5.101]
22. Miles, Steven. 1998. Consumerism: As a Way of Life. London: Sage. [DOI:10.4135/9781446217115]
23. Miles, Steven. 2010. Spaces for Consumption. London: SAGE Publications.
24. Mirza, Mozhgan; Turkmani, Hossein; Ghobadi Sepideh and Parsafer, Mitra. 2014. Comparison of the level of depression and the type of building architecture, a case study of apartment houses and villas. Istanbul: Second International Conference on Research in Science and Technology.
25. Moaveni, Elham; Rahmani, Hiva. 2019. The effect of security and gender space on increasing the presence of women in the urban space (case of Shiraz Women's Park). Khordad Architectural Science - No. 9, pp. 49-58.
26. Near Henry. 1992. The Kibbutz Movement: A History I, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27. Omer-Sherman, Ranen. 2006. Imagining the Kibbutz, Visions of Utopia in Literature and Film Pennsylvania: the Pennsylvania state university press.
28. Pedram, Behnam; Hariri, Azadeh. 2015. Historical houses with a role beyond housing in the historical context of Isfahan. Journal of Islamic Architecture Research. Volume 4. Number 2. pp. 74-89.
29. Rosenthal, Gadi; Eiges, Hadas. 2014. Agricultural Cooperatives in Israel. JOURNAL OF RURAL COOPERATION, Vol. 42 No. 1. The Center for Agricultural Economic Research, The Hebrew UNIVERSITY MAGNES PRESS, JERUSALEM.
30. Rosstat. 2005a. Osnovnye pokazateli sel'skogo khoziaistva v Rossii v 2004 godu. Moskva: Federal'naia sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki.
31. Rosstat. 2005b. Rossiia v tsifrakh 2004. Moskva: Federal'naia sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki.
32. Rosstat. 2006. Rossiia v tsifrakh 2005. Moskva: Federal'naia sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki.
33. Sadr, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir 2014. Islam, the leader of life; School of Islam; Our mission Qom: Dar al-Sadr.
34. Shakhsi Meybodi, Meysam. 2023. Getting to know Taobao, an online shopping and retail platform in China. Qom: Islamic City Life Strategic Studies Institute. Internal publication.
35. ShkohouhiBidhandi, MohammadSaleh; Azizian Qaravi, Mohsen. 2021. From Chaghagolan to Wall Street: The World History of the City and Urbanization. Tehran: Tehran Academic Jihad Publications.
36. Simons, Tal; Ingram, Paul. 2004. An ecology of ideology: theory and evidence from four populations. Industrial and Corporate Change, Volume 13, Number 1, pp. 33-59 [DOI:10.1093/icc/13.1.33]
37. Sofer, Michael; Applebaum, Levia. 2006. The rural space in Israel in search of renewed identity: The case of the moshav Journal of Rural Studies 22: 323-336 [DOI:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.10.004]
38. Statistical Center of Iran. 2016. The results of the survey plan of the country's warehouses.
39. Statistical Center of Iran. 2017. The results of the country's agriculture statistics plan.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Journal of Researches in Islamic Architecture is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
