M. Esmaili, H. A. Shayanfar, K. Gharani,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2014)
Abstract
Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are in growing attention in recent power systems because of their paramount abilities in state estimation. PMUs are placed in existing power systems where there are already installed conventional measurements, which can be helpful if they are considered in PMU optimal placement. In this paper, a method is proposed for optimal placement of PMUs incorporating conventional measurements of zero injection buses and branch flow measurements using a permutation matrix. Furthermore, the effect of single branch outage and single PMU failure is included in the proposed method. When a branch with a flow measurement goes out, the network loses one observability path (the branch) and one conventional measurement (the flow measurement). The permutation matrix proposed here is able to model the outage of a branch equipped with a flow measurement or connected to a zero injection bus. Also, measurement redundancy, and consequently measurement reliability, is enhanced without increasing the number of PMUs this implies a more efficient usage of PMUs than previous methods. The PMU placement problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming that results in the global optimal solution. Results obtained from testing the proposed method on four well-known test systems in diverse situations confirm its efficiency.
Masoud Hashemi, Mohsen Kalantar,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
The basis of the extensive measurement systems is based on the placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in the power grids. With the ever increasing expansion of electric energy consumption and the emergence of the phenomenon of restructuring in power grids and the existence of problems such as extensive blackouts of the power grid has increased the desire of power grid operators to use a wide area monitoring system (WAMS). This paper discusses the problem of optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in power grids, which is a critical issue for the reliable and safe operation of power systems. We proposed a multi-objective binary optimization algorithm called the Multi-Objective Binary Harris Hawks Optimization algorithm based on Region selection (MOBHHO/R) to solve this problem. One of the most important innovations of the proposed algorithm is to draw inspiration from feature called a repository or archive to store optimal responses at each stage of the simulation. The algorithm aims to minimize the number of PMUs required while maximizing the observability of the power grids. The proposed algorithm is implemented on the standard IEEE 14 and 30 bus power systems, and the results show its superiority compared to other algorithms.
