Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

---

In this paper, the performance of a Ring Laser Gyro based inertial navigation is investigated. Dynamic and stochastic modeling are applied to gyro simulation and performance evaluation. In the dynamic model, some parameters such as scale factor and environmental sensitivity have been determined, whereas in the stochastic model, the other parameters such as random drift and measurement noise have been computed. The performance of the system is evaluated for several inputs. Also, the parameter variation of output noise as a result of changing the dither characteristics is analyzed.

---

---

This paper proposes a novel approach to analyzing and managing electricity consumption using a clustering algorithm and a high-accuracy classifier for smart meter data. The proposed method utilizes a multilayer perceptron neural network classifier optimized by an Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) called ICA-optimized MLP, and a CD Index based on Fuzzy c-means to optimally determine representative load curves. A case study involving a real dataset of residential smart meters is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the results demonstrate that the ICA-optimized MLP method achieves an accuracy of 98.62%, outperforming other classification methods. This approach has the potential to improve energy efficiency and reduce costs in the power system, making it a promising solution for analyzing and managing electricity consumption.

---

Overvoltage at the insulator terminal caused by a lightning strike can occur in two ways, i.e., a direct lightning strike on the phase line and ground wire. The insulator can be exposed to the phenomenon of back flashover (BFO) if the terminal voltage of the insulator is higher than its insulator critical voltage The lightning current characteristics are distinguished by the maximum current and the steepness. Differences in the characteristics in this study are identified as International Electrical Commission (IEC) and Conseil International des Grands Reseaux Electriques (CIGRE) impulse waveform standards. The footing-tower grounding system comes in different configurations, such as horizontal, vertical, and grid. Alternative transient program (ATP) software was used for simulating lightning strikes on ground wire and phase lines. The results exhibit that the highest critical voltage of the insulators on the footing tower through grid grounding when the surge current strikes ground wire (3308kV – 3395 kV), with the magnitude of the lightning current ranging from (48 kA – 3395 kA). For lightning direct stroke on the phase line, the critical voltage on vertical grounding is highest on (2938 kV -3021 kV).  The surge current flow footing-tower is highest on the grid. The currents magnitude flow in footing tower were influenced by impedance of grounding.