Sunday Elijah, Hanny Zurina Hamzah, Law Siong Hook, Shivee Ranjanee Kaliappan,
Volume 35, Issue 1 (IJIEPR 2024)
Abstract
This article analyses what determines remittance inflows into Malaysia. Using Autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach, the study used time-series data for the period 1987-2018. The study the validated theory that says remittance inflows ought to be encouraged through determinants such as real wages, inflation, financial development, exchange rate among others. Variables like exchange rate, inflation, gross domestic product growth, financial development and real wages significantly determine the remittance received into Malaysia. Precisely, inflation and real wages significantly impacted and positively encouraged remittance inflows into Malaysia from abroad. On the other hand, remittance inflows reacted negatively to gross domestic products growth, exchange rate and financial development. Furthermore, the significance of the determinants differs. Precisely, real wages happen to be additionally responsive in comparison to inflation and the reason is that its elasticity is greater. In addition, both inflation and real wages have great impact in Malaysia. This study recommends that the determinants of migrants’ remittances in the country should be given attention which will strongly aid in employing remittances for the reduction of poverty, rising investment at the national level and therefore, aid in boosting growth and enhancing sustainable development to Malaysia.
Iffan Maflahah, Wila Wirvikananda, Hamzah Fansuri, Dian Farida Asfan, Raden Faridz,
Volume 35, Issue 3 (IJIEPR 2024)
Abstract
Seablite salt (Suaeda maritima) was a unique product currently under development. Seablite is a low-sodium salt essential for modern society, particularly for those who prioritize their health. This investigation aims to employ a dynamic system approach to evaluate the revenue and profit generated by the salt production system. The dynamic systems approach steps: the construction of the causal loop diagram, the development of the stock-and-flow model, the parameterization of the model, the simulation to analyze the system's behavior under various conditions, the verification and validation, the development of policy recommendations, and the conclusion with a summary of the core findings. The model was developed using four submodels: (1) demand, (2) supply, (3) production cost, and (4) revenue. The moderate scenario demonstrates that the salt flow requirements can be satisfied by utilizing the dynamic system to protect the revenue and production costs. It was consistent with the escalating production expenses. According to the optimistic scenario, the salt demand can be satisfied until 2026. The company's revenue is insufficient to cover production costs due to the rise in raw material prices. Farmers begin to reap the rewards in this scenario. It's because the overall revenue exceeds the production costs.
Nurul Ain Sofia Che Awang, Nurul Ainun Hamzah, Nurul Izzah Abdul Samad,
Volume 36, Issue 4 (IJIEPR- Special Issue 2025)
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pose a significant occupational health challenge in dentistry, potentially affecting the health of future dental professionals. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of MSDs among dental students of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) and to explore the relationships between MSD occurrence, demographic factors (academic year, gender, and physical activity levels), and ergonomic awareness. Fifty-five dental students participated in the study, responding to validated electronic questionnaires. The results showed a high prevalence of MSDs, especially over 12 months (41.8%) vs. 7 days (14.5%). Most affected areas were the lower back (74.5%), neck (70.9%), shoulders (60.0%), and upper back (54.5%). Female students showed higher prevalence in some regions (p = 0.032), with Year 5 students reporting the highest prevalence (p = 0.046). Ergonomic awareness was high, with 52.7% rating it as good and 47.3% as excellent. These findings highlight the need to integrate thorough ergonomic education and preventive measures into dental curricula, aiming to promote musculoskeletal health and reduce occupational risks for dental students, thereby supporting long-term occupational well-being in their future careers.
