Showing 7 results for Type of Study: Special Issue
Dwi Kristanto, Kafa Asyiradinta,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (10-2025)
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of seating position and the use of lazy glasses on ergonomic comfort, posture, eye fatigue, and gaming experience among mobile gamers. Ten male participants aged 16–24 years, with normal BMI and daily experience playing Mobile Legends for at least two hours, were tested in four experimental conditions involving gaming chairs and beanbags, with and without lazy glasses. Discomfort levels were measured using the Borg scale, eye fatigue via the Visual Fatigue Index, posture via inertial motion capture, and gaming experience using the Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ). Statistical analysis was conducted using repeated-measures ANOVA in SPSS v25. Results revealed that sitting position significantly influenced discomfort levels (p < 0.05), particularly in the wrist area (p = 0.044), while lazy glasses significantly increased eye fatigue (p < 0.01) and affected neck posture (p = 0.017). Repetition was also a significant factor contributing to both discomfort (p < 0.05) and eye fatigue (p < 0.01). However, no significant effects were found on overall gaming experience (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that gaming chairs provide better ergonomic support than beanbags and that lazy glasses may exacerbate visual strain, particularly during high-interaction mobile gaming sessions.
Huki Chandra, Ilma Mufidah, Moch. Wibisono, Dhimas Nur, Raya Fahreza,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (10-2025)
Abstract
Constructions have considerable revenue and stakeholder accountability implications. It is the aim of this research to identify and assess risks so as to apply the appropriate controls for an Indonesian construction project. Observation, interviewing, and staff meetings were employed in this research. Risk analysis was conducted by a safety practitioner and validated with 12 construction workers. Methods like Fuzzy Logic (FMEA and AHP), PLS-SEM, Kruskal-Wallis, and cluster analysis were used to provide precise scoring and classification. Fuzzy Logic accommodated the uncertainty of risks, and Fuzzy-AHP ranked the risks with criteria of injury, asset loss, reputation, and environment. It defines two medium-risk and four high-risk activities, with the highest risk being Activity 2 (wall painting) due to being at height. Job Safety Analysis provides particular mitigation in detail. The RPN score for wall painting was 526, with a Mean Squared Error of 507 and an overall coefficient of variation of 6%, showing high consensus. This integrated methodology reduces bias, maintains uncertainty, and provides tailored safety recommendations, a new approach not implemented in past research.
Dwi Kristanto, Kafa Asyiradinta,
Volume 36, Issue 4 (12-2025)
Abstract
mouseout="msoCommentHide('_com_1')" onmouseover="msoCommentShow('_anchor_1','_com_1')">This study examines the impact of seating position and lazy glasses use on discomfort, posture, eye fatigue, and gaming experience in mobile gamers. Ten male participants aged 16–24, with normal BMI and accustomed to playing Mobile Legends for at least 2 hours daily, were involved. The study was conducted at the Ergonomics Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Gadjah Mada University. All subjects had normal vision verified by a Snellen card test. Devices used included an iPhone 11 Pro Max, a gaming chair, a beanbag, and lazy glasses. Discomfort was assessed using a Borg scale questionnaire, eye fatigue with the Visual Fatigue Index, and gaming experience via the Game Experience Questionnaire. Neck and joint angles were measured using inertial motion capture. Results showed that seating position and repetition significantly affected discomfort (p< 0.05), with wrist posture also influenced by chair type (p< 0.05). Lazy glasses increased eye strain (p< 0.01) and affected neck posture (p< 0.05). Repetition significantly contributed to eye fatigue (p< 0.01). It is recommended to avoid lazy glasses and prefer gaming chairs for better ergonomic comfort and experience.
Salwa Mahmood, Ahmad Zahin Zainal Rashid, Nurul Ainina Nadhirah Tajurahim, Helmy Mustafa El Bakri, Ismail Abdul Rahman, Noorul Azreen Aziz,
Volume 36, Issue 4 (12-2025)
Abstract
This study addresses ergonomic risks faced by firefighters during hose rolling activities, a physically demanding task that can lead to musculoskeletal issues. Building on a previous project conducted at the Bukit Gambir Fire and Rescue Station, this research expands the analysis by comparing four different hose rolling postures: roll and coil, dutch roll, flaking, and figure of eight. The Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method was used to evaluate the ergonomic risk levels of each posture. To further enhance firefighter safety, a preventive strategy tool was proposed and developed. The tool’s design was tested using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in SolidWorks to assess the structural performance of its alloy steel hook and shaft under load. Simulation results showed stress levels below the material’s yield strength, and factor of safety (FOS) analysis confirmed the tool’s structural reliability. This project takes a holistic approach to understanding and mitigating ergonomic risks in firefighting. This study found that the structural of an assistive tool is safe and confirming the robustness and reliability of both the hook and alloy steel shaft designs. By combining ergonomic assessment with engineering simulation, it not only identifies high-risk postures but also provides a practical solution to reduce strain and prevent injury. Ultimately, the project contributes to improving the safety and well-being of firefighters, supporting a safer work environment for those who risk their lives to protect others.
Azizan Ramli, Siti Noraishah Ismail, Tofan Agung Eka Prasetya, Herman Bagus Dwicahyo, Cendana Fitrahanjani,
Volume 36, Issue 4 (12-2025)
Abstract
Safety culture is a critical aspect of organizational culture, directly linked to improved safety performance. Although it is widely discussed in sectors like construction, manufacturing, and electronics, its significance in academic institutions is often overlooked. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) to explore the factors affecting safety culture in academic institutions across Malaysia and Indonesia from 2017 to 2021. The research includes a diverse range of institutions, including preschools, primary schools, secondary schools, matriculation colleges, vocational colleges, public and private universities, and training centers. Adopting the PRISMA methodology, the study applies thematic analysis to assess the findings, revealing eight key themes and 20 subthemes for Malaysia, compared to just two main themes and four subthemes for Indonesia. The results highlight safety competence, commitment, and attitude as the most influential elements for cultivating a strong safety culture in Malaysia. In terms of dimensions, behavioral factors (85%) were found to have the greatest impact on safety culture, followed by psychological factors (10%) and situational factors (5%). In Indonesia, the primary drivers of safety culture were situational and behavioral factors. Overall, the study underscores the importance of increasing awareness among academic institution leaders, governments, and policymakers to foster a robust safety culture in both countries.
Muhammad Nabhan Mohamed Nadzri, Azizan Ramli, Juwari Juwari,
Volume 36, Issue 4 (12-2025)
Abstract
Start-up operations in small chemical plants represent a critical yet underexplored phase for human error analysis. This study presents the first systematic application of the Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) to assess human reliability during start-up operations of three utility systems steam boilers, water-cooling pumps, and air compressors in a small Malaysian chemical plant. Unlike existing studies that focus on routine operations or large-scale facilities, this research addresses the unique challenges of manual start-up procedures in resource-constrained environments. Both basic and extended CREAM versions were applied using Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) validated by seven experts with more than 10 years of experience. The analysis revealed that all systems predominantly operated under tactical control mode, with human error probabilities ranging from 0.073 to 0.121. Water-cooling pump operations showed the highest risk (0.320) due to time constraints and collaboration quality issues, while boiler operations demonstrated the lowest risk (0.014) through structured procedures. Critical failure modes were identified in observation and timing-related tasks, particularly in speed verification and parameter adjustment subtasks. This study demonstrates CREAM's applicability to small-scale chemical plant start-ups and provides quantitative reference values for integrating human reliability assessment into Process Safety Management (PSM) systems. The findings support targeted interventions including procedural standardization, enhanced training for high-risk subtasks, and improved shift handover protocols to reduce human error in early-phase operations.
Mohd Hasni Chumiran, Abdullah Al Rashid Ab Hamid, Muhammad Firdaus Md Rawi, Ahmad Anwar Safwan Sidek, Mohd Zarir Yusoff,
Volume 36, Issue 4 (12-2025)
Abstract
Industry 4.0 is transforming manufacturing skill requirements, emphasizing problem-based learning that integrates Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE). This conceptual study introduces ergonomic cognition as a framework to understand how students perceive, respond to, and apply ergonomic principles in simulation-based learning. Guided by the Ontology of Techniques for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment (OTILIA), the study combines cognitive learning theories with ergonomic reasoning to explore student engagement in Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM), focusing on CO₂ laser cutting. A focus group of 21 final-year students from the Bachelor of Technology Management (Furniture Design and Manufacturing) program at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia participated. Data were collected using the think-aloud method and analyzed through prescriptive coding based on studio themes. Descriptive statistics were used to track behavior across the three HFE domains: physical, cognitive, and organizational ergonomics. Findings reveal that integrating CO₂ laser cutting enhances ergonomic cognition - improving precision, customization, material efficiency, time management, and the learning curve during 3D miniature furniture production. The results support a triangular prescription framework linking ergonomic reasoning, interactive tools, and iterative design. Sustainability competencies were also embedded, prompting students to consider environmental impact, material use, and usability. This approach equips future designers to create eco-conscious, ergonomic, and industry-ready products aligned with sustainable smart manufacturing goals.
