Addressing the complex challenges of supply chain management requires integrating sustainable practices, advanced technologies, and innovative solutions. This review article explores the concept of sustainable closed-loop supply chains as a means to balance economic, social, and environmental goals. We examine the relationship between sustainable closed-loop supply chains and advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, game theory, and metaheuristic algorithms. Various aspects of supply chain models, sustainability, and the integration of innovative solutions are analyzed to identify key challenges and opportunities in the implementation of sustainable closed-loop supply chains. We highlight the potential benefits of adopting such practices, including cost savings, enhanced brand reputation, and increased customer loyalty. The article also discusses the importance of managing risks associated with cost, environment, social issues, and operations. Our review emphasizes the need for ongoing research and collaboration among stakeholders to address existing research gaps and foster a comprehensive understanding of sustainable closed-loop supply chains. This includes empirical studies on real-world implementation, advanced optimization techniques, sustainable business models, and policy frameworks. Ultimately, this article aims to contribute to the development of more resilient, efficient, and sustainable supply chains that benefit businesses and society alike.
