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Showing 3 results for Paliwal
Securing Reliability Constrained Technology Combination for Isolated Micro-Grid Using Multi-Agent Based Optimization
P. Paliwal,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (March 2022)
Abstract
The determination of a suitable technology combination for an isolated micro-grid (IMG) based on hybrid renewable energy resources (HRES) is a challenging task. The intermittent behavior of RES leads to an adverse impact on system reliability and thus complicates the planning process. This paper proposes a two-fold approach to provide a suitably designed HRES-IMG. Firstly, a reliability-constrained formulation based on load index of reliability (LIR) is developed with an objective to achieve a minimum levelized cost of energy (LCOE). Multi-state modeling of HRES-IMG is carried out based on hardware availability of generating units and uncertainties due to meteorological conditions. Modeling of battery storage units is realized using a multi-state probabilistic battery storage model. Secondly, an efficient optimization technique using a decentralized multi-agent-based approach is applied for obtaining high-quality solutions. The butterfly-PSO is embodied in a multi-agent (MA) framework. The enhanced version, MA-BFPSO is used to determine optimum sizing and technology combinations. Three different technology combinations have been investigated. The combination complying with LIR criterion and least LCOE is chosen as the optimal technology mix. The optimization is carried out using classic PSO, BF-PSO, and, MA-BFPSO and obtained results are compared. Further, in order to add a dimension in system planning, the effect of uncertainty in load demand has also been analyzed. The study is conducted for an HRES-IMG situated in Jaisalmer, India. The technology combination comprising of solar, wind, and battery storage yields the least LCOE of 0.2051 $/kWh with a very low value of LIR (0.08%).  A reduction in generator size by 53.8% and LCOE by 16.5% is obtained with MABFPSO in comparison with classic PSO. The results evidently demonstrate that MA-BFPSO offers better solutions as compared to PSO and BF-PSO.

Multi-Stage Framework for Analyzing Penetration of Stochastic Distributed Energy Resources and Storage
P. Paliwal,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (December 2022)
Abstract
This paper presents a multi-stage planning framework for analysis of stochastic distributed energy resources (DERs) comprising of solar, wind, and battery storage. The existing models do not consider penetration level analysis in conjunction with sizing, placement, and economic assessment. The main objective of this research is to embed all these dimensions of system planning in one structure. The first stage involves reliability constrained component sizing.  The second stage pertains to placement of DERs based on loss minimization and voltage profile. The third stage is the main thrust of this work which provides exhaustive economic evaluation and cost-benefit analysis. The novelty of this work lies in the consideration of penetration level in backdrop of all three stages. The proposed formulation is implemented on a 33-Bus radial distribution feeder located in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India. Four penetration levels viz. 10, 20, 40, and 60 percent have been investigated and analyzed under different planning scenarios. The results facilitate the determination of optimum penetration level.

Sensitivity Analysis Based Comparative Assessment of Resource Mix Using MCDM Technique: A Case Study of Thar Desert, India
N. Thakkar, P. Paliwal,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (December 2022)
Abstract
In the last decade, there has been a lot of focus on sustainable development in the electrical power industry to meet the growing energy demand. This has led to an increase in the integration of renewable energy sources (RES). In addition to being abundantly available, the RES offers advantages such as low environmental impact and increased social development of rural communities which are imperative for a sustainable society.  However, the selection of a particular generating resource or resource mix (RM) for an autonomous micro-grid is a complex problem that involves multiple conflicting factors. In this paper, a planning strategy for selecting an appropriate RM has been proposed. Seven RMs comprising different combinations of four generation/storage technologies such as solar photovoltaic array (SPVA), wind turbine (WT), diesel generator (DG) and battery storage (BS) have been considered. The planning is initiated with the determination of optimal component sizing for all seven RMs. The RMs are then analyzed with respect to four primary sustainability parameters i.e. economic, social, technical and environmental. The analysis is further enhanced by investigation of 13 sub-parameters as well. Thereafter, prioritization of RMs is carried out using two MCDM methods: Best worst method (BWM) and PROMETHEE II. Finally, to assert the importance of weight assignment on RM ranking, sensitivity analysis is performed. In order to impart the practical aspect to analysis, the planning formulation is applied to a case study of the Thar desert, India. The results suggest that a combination of SPVA and BS provides the most optimum RM solution.

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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee IUST, Tehran, Iran. This is an open access journal distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license.