Education:

 •  1965-1972 Rahnama High School, Tehran, Iran.

 •  1973-1975 Cauldon College of Further Education, Staffordshire, England.

 •  HND (1975-1979) North Staffordshire University, Stafford, England.

 •  MSc (1984-1986) Thames University, London, England.

 •  PhD (1987-1990) University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), Manchester, England.